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Rafael Lozano-Hemmer
Rafael Lozano-Hemmer (born in 1967 in Mexico City) is a Mexican-Canadian electronic artist who works with ideas from architecture, technological theater and performance. He holds a Bachelor of Science in Physical Chemistry from Concordia University in Montreal. Currently, Lozano-Hemmer lives and works in Montreal and Madrid.〔(【引用サイトリンク】website=Rafael Lozano-Hemmer )〕
==Biography==
Rafael Lozano-Hemmer was born in Mexico City in 1967. He emigrated to Canada in 1985 to study at the University of Victoria in British Columbia and then at Concordia University in Montreal. The son of Mexico City nightclub owners, Lozano-Hemmer was drawn to science but could not resist joining the creative activities that his friends did. Initially he worked in a molecular recognition lab in Montreal〔 and published his research in Chemistry journals.〔Tee, O.S., Mazza, C., Lozano-Hemmer, R. and Giorgi, J.B. , "Ester Cleavage by Cyclodextrins in Aqueous Dimethyl Sulfoxide Mixtures: Substrate Binding versus Transition State Binding.", Journal of Organic Chemistry, 59, Washington, United States, 1994〕 Though he did not pursue the sciences as a direct career, it has influenced his work in many ways,〔 providing conceptual inspiration and practical approaches to create his work. Lozano-Hemmer’s work can be considered a blend of interactive art and performance art, using both large and small scales, indoor and outdoor settings, and a wide variety of audiovisual technologies.〔
Lozano-Hemmer is best known for creating and presenting theatrical interactive installations in public spaces across Europe, Asia and America. Using robotics, real-time computer graphics, film projections, positional sound, internet links, cell phone interfaces, video and ultrasonic sensors, LED screens and other devices, his installations seek to interrupt the increasingly homogenized urban condition by providing critical platforms for participation. Lozano-Hemmer’s smaller-scaled sculptural and video installations explore themes of perception, deception and surveillance. As an outgrowth of these various large scale and performance-based projects Lozano-Hemmer documents the works in photography editions that are also exhibited.〔Wolf Lieser. ''Digital Art''. Langenscheidt: h.f. ullmann. 2009. pp. 252, 254-55, 261〕
In 1999, he created ''Alzado Vectorial'' (or ''Vectorial Elevation''), where internet participants directed searchlights over the central square in Mexico City.〔Andreas Broeckmann in Stephen Graham, ''The Cybercities Reader'', Routledge, 2004, p380. ISBN 0-415-27956-9〕 The work was repeated in Vitoria-Gasteiz in 2002, in Lyon in 2003, in Dublin in 2004 and in Vancouver in 2010. In 2007, he became the first artist to officially represent Mexico at the Venice Biennale, with a solo show at the Palazzo Soranzo Van Axel. In 2006, his work ''33 Questions Per Minute'' was acquired by The Museum of Modern Art in New York. ''Subtitled Public'' (2005) is held in the Tate Collection in the United Kingdom.
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